Curricular Adaptation Strategies Based on Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and the Individual Plan for Reasonable Adjustments (PIAR) for Students with Learning Difficulties
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63618/omd/ssjm/v4/n2/71Keywords:
curricular adaptation, UDL, PIAR, inclusive education, learning difficultiesAbstract
Inclusive education requires curricular responses that combine accessibility, flexibility, and attention to students’ particular needs. Within this framework, the study aimed to analyze curricular adaptation strategies based on Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and the Individual Plan for Reasonable Adjustments (PIAR) for students with learning difficulties. A qualitative, non-experimental, bibliographic-documentary review was conducted through the analysis of 15 studies published between 2021 and 2026, selected according to thematic relevance and recency. The findings showed that UDL provides a strong foundation for anticipating barriers and diversifying instruction, whereas PIAR adds precision when individualized supports are required. It was concluded that the articulation of both approaches strengthens inclusive education; however, its implementation remains conditioned by teacher training, available resources, and institutional support.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Jiménez-Cordero, Marco Vicente, Pinargote-Cedeño, Silvia Patricia, Roman-Vallejos, Zoila Lisseth, Lapo-Quizhpe, Diana Elizabeth, Morocho-Cuenca, Miguel Angel (Autor/a)
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